Presented by: Andrea Alu
This short course will provide a broad introduction to the field of electromagnetic metamaterials and metasurfaces, covering a wide range of topics, from theoretical approaches to study anomalous wave propagation in arrays of inclusions and the relevant challenges in describing the wave propagation in these arrays in terms of homogenization, to their application in a variety of fields of research and over a wide spectrum of frequencies. After a background on homogenization theory and modeling of metamaterials and metasurfaces, the course will focus on their exotic properties and applications, in order to realize wavefront control, leaky-wave antennas, enhanced nonlinearities and nonreciprocity, sensing, imaging and energy harvesting devices, and various other exciting wave phenomena from radio-frequencies to optical frequencies. I will discuss how these concepts may be applied to overcome current technological challenges and provide breakthroughs in applied fields related to electromagnetics, radio-science and optics.
Andrea Alù is a Distinguished Professor at the City University of New York (CUNY), the Founding Director of the Photonics Initiative at the CUNY Advanced Science Research Center, and the Einstein Professor of Physics at the CUNY Graduate Center. He received his Laurea (2001) and PhD (2007) from the University of Roma Tre, Italy, and, after a postdoc at the University of Pennsylvania, he joined the faculty of the University of Texas at Austin in 2009, where he was the Temple Foundation Endowed Professor until Jan. 2018. Dr. Alù is a Fellow of the National Academy of Inventors (NAI), the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE), the Materials Research Society (MRS), Optica, the International Society for Optics and Photonics (SPIE) and the American Physical Society (APS). He is a Highly Cited Researcher since 2017, a Simons Investigator in Physics, the director of the Simons Collaboration on Extreme Wave Phenomena Based on Symmetries, and the Editor in Chief of Optical Materials Express. He has received several scientific awards, including the NSF Alan T. Waterman award, the Blavatnik National Award for Physical Sciences and Engineering, the IEEE Kiyo Tomiyasu Award, the IEEE AP-S Distinguished Achievement Award, the ICO Prize in Optics, the OSA Adolph Lomb Medal, and the URSI Issac Koga Gold Medal.
Presented by: Alessandra Costanzo, Diego Massotti, Mauro Ettorre, Naoki Shinohara, Nuno Borges Carvalho
Wireless power transmission is the next dream technology for an untethered truly mobile experience. Wireless power systems will remove the corded connection between an object in need of energy and the power grid. The technology will benefit a wide range of devices including sensors, portable electronics, electric/autonomous vehicles, biomedical devices etc. The objective of this course is to provide a fundamental understanding of wireless power transmission in the non-radiative/reactive near field and far field. Wireless power transfer systems will be described using electromagnetic field and circuit analysis. Their design parameters and limitations will be outlined, and possible future research directions outlined. Standardization process and current standards will also be presented to further familiarize the students with such technology. The human RF exposure and safety will be also discussed.
Alessandra Costanzo (Fellow, IEEE) has been a Full Professor at the Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy, since 2018, where she leads the RF and Wireless Laboratory. She is also involved in research activities dedicated to design entire wireless power transmission systems based on the combination of electromagnetic (EM) and nonlinear numerical techniques, adopting both far- and near-field solutions, for several power levels and operating frequencies. She was the Co-Founder of the EU COST action IC1301 WiPE “Wireless power transfer for sustainable electronics.” She has authored more than 260 scientific publications on peer-reviewed international journals and conferences and several chapter books. Prof. Costanzo is the past Chair of the MTT-26 Committee on Wireless Energy Transfer and Conversion from 2016 to 2017.
Diego Masotti (Senior Member, IEEE) received the Ph.D. degree in electric engineering from the University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, in 1997. In 1998 he joined the University of Bologna, where he is currently an Associate Professor of electromagnetic fields. His research interests are in the areas of nonlinear microwave circuit simulation and design, with emphasis on nonlinear/electromagnetic codesign of integrated radiating subsystems/systems for wireless power transfer and energy harvesting applications. He authored more than 80 scientific publications in peer-reviewed international journals and more than 180 scientific publications on international conferences. He serves on the Editorial Board of the Journal of Wireless Power Transfer.
Mauro Ettorre (Fellow, IEEE) received a Laurea degree “summa cum laude” in Electrical Engineering, and a Ph.D. degree in Electromagnetics from the University of Siena, Italy, in 2004 and 2008, respectively. Since 2023, he is a professor at Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA. Previously, he was a Research Scientist at CNRS, IETR laboratory, France. Dr. Ettorre’s research interests include the analysis and design of quasi-optical systems, wideband arrays, millimeter-wave antennas, non-diffractive radiation and localized waves, wireless power transfer. He has authored over 80 journal papers, 200 conference communications and holds 14 patents (2 licensed). From 2017 till 2023, he served as Associate Editor for the IEEE TAP for which he is now a Track Editor.
Naoki Shinohara (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.E. degree in electronic engineering and the M.E. and Ph.D. (Eng.) degrees in electrical engineering from Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, in 1991, 1993, and 1996, respectively. He has been a Research Associate at Kyoto University, since 1996, and then Associate Professor since 2001. Since 2010, he has been a Professor at Kyoto University. He has been engaged in research on solar power stations/satellite and microwave power transmission systems. Dr. Shinohara is currently a Lecturer of the IEEE Distinguish Microwave, a Vice Chair of the IEEE MTT-S Technical Committee 26 (Wireless Power Transfer and Conversion), and the Vice Chair of the Japan Society of Electromagnetic Wave Energy Applications, the Chair of the Wireless Power Transfer Consortium for Practical Applications (WiPoT), and the Chair of the Wireless Power Management Consortium (WPMc).
Nuno Borges Carvalho (Fellow, IEEE) was born in Luanda, Angola, in 1972. He is currently a Full Professor and a Senior Research Scientist with the Institute of Telecommunications, University of Aveiro. He has coauthored books on Intermodulation in Microwave and Wireless Circuits, Microwave and Wireless Measurement Techniques, White Space Communication Technologies, and Wireless Power Transmission for Sustainable Electronics. He is a member of IEEE MTT-S ADCOM, the Past Chair of the IEEE Portuguese Section, the Past Chair of MTT-S Technical Committees MTT-20 and MTT-11, and a member of Technical Committees MTT-24 and MTT-26. He is also the Vice Chair of the URSI Commission A (Metrology Group). He has been a Distinguished Microwave Lecturer of MTT-S. He is also the Editor-in-Chief of the Wireless Power Transfer journal (Cambridge), an Associate Editor of the IEEE Microwave Magazine, and a former Associate Editor of the IEEE TMTT.
Presented by: Thomas E. Roth, Dong-Yeop Na, Weng C. Chew, Zhen Peng, Gabriele Gradoni, Paolo Rocca, Luca Tosi
There is currently an explosive advancement in quantum information processing technology underway that has the potential to revolutionize society through the use of quantum computers, quantum communication systems, and quantum sensors that can outperform the best classical technologies. Antenna and propagation technologies are no exception, with many longstanding challenges potentially becoming addressable using these new quantum technologies. Further, because these emerging devices significantly involve electromagnetic effects there is an important role that classically-trained electromagnetic engineers can play in making these quantum technologies a reality. This course looks at both sides of this emerging technology space with the assumption that the students have no prior background in quantum physics. Specifically, the course introduces different paradigms of quantum computation and discusses how each approach can be used to solve electromagnetic analysis and optimization problems. Sample applications include the analysis and design of antenna arrays and the beamforming optimization of large reconfigurable intelligent surfaces. A hands-on training is also included to begin learning how to use quantum computers for these applications. We also discuss the fundamentals of quantum theory, with application toward building a description of the quantization of electromagnetic fields. These fundamentals are then extended to look at numerical algorithms for modeling various quantum electromagnetic effects in dispersive inhomogeneous media with applications for quantum communications and quantum sensors. The interactions of electromagnetic fields with superconducting circuit qubits are also covered to provide an understanding of the underlying operations occurring at the hardware level in one of the leading quantum computing architectures.
Thomas Roth is an Assistant Professor in the Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Purdue University. His research focuses on multiscale and multiphysics electromagnetic modeling, particularly for quantum electromagnetic systems. He is well versed in the field of circuit quantum electrodynamics and the modeling of superconducting qubits.
Dong-Yeop Na is an Assistant Professor in the Electrical Engineering department at Pohang University of Science and Technology. His research interests are in the numerical simulation of quantum electromagnetic phenomena, such as the operation of a quantum beam splitter, nonlocal dispersion cancellation, and quantum imaging.
Weng Chew is a Distinguished Professor in the Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Purdue University. He has over 40 years of experience in electromagnetics. His recent research interests are in fast algorithms and quantum electromagnetics.
Zhen Peng is an Associate Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. His research interests include computational electromagnetics, statistical electromagnetics in complex environments, and in using quantum computers to solve electromagnetic optimization problems.
Gabriele Gradoni is a Royal Society Industry Fellow and Full Professor at the University of Surrey where he is the Chair in Wireless Communications at the 6G/5G Innovation Centre. His research interests include statistical electromagnetics in complex environments, emerging communications systems, and using quantum computers to solve electromagnetic optimization problems.
Paolo Rocca is with ELEDIA@UniTN and is an Associate Professor at the University of Trento. His research interests include artificial intelligence techniques as applied to electromagnetics, antenna array synthesis and analysis, electromagnetic inverse scattering, and quantum computing for electromagnetic engineering.
Luca Tosi is with ELEDIA@UniTN and is a PhD Student at the University of Trento. His research interests include synthesis methods for unconventional antenna array architectures, electromagnetic inverse scattering, and quantum computing methods for electromagnetic analysis and optimization.
Presented by: Christoph Mäurer, C. J. Reddy
Traditional antenna optimization solves the modified version of the original antenna design for each iteration. Thus, the total time required to optimize a given antenna design is highly dependent on the convergence criteria of the selected algorithm and the time taken for each iteration. Machine (ML) is a method of data analysis that automates analytical model building. As the antennas are becoming more and more complex each day, antenna designers can take advantage of machine learning to generate trained models for their physical antenna designs and perform fast and intelligent optimization on these trained models. But in CAE and in antenna simulation the availability of data is the main challenge. However, using clever design exploration methods such as space filling Design of Experiment (DoE) approaches can enable the antenna designer to use ML technologies favorably in the antenna design process using the trained models, different optimization algorithms and goals can be run quickly, in seconds, for comparison and for types of different studies, such as for example stochastic analysis for tolerance studies etc. Examples to showcase the advantages of using machine learning for antenna design and optimization will be presented.
Dr. Christoph Mäurer is Lead Technical Specialist EM Solutions at Altair. He received his M.S. (Diplom) in 1994 and his PhD in 1997 from TU Darmstadt. He has been working in the area of computational electromagnetics for over 25 years in different roles. This includes many customer projects for antenna optimization, antenna integration and EMC in automotive, aero, space and telecommunication. He is particularly interested in how new methods can be integrated into simulation and optimization processes to make them more efficient. He worked recently on new domain decomposition approaches for MoM/MLFMM, speedup of RCS simulations with CBFM and using supervised and unsupervised learning in Computational ElectroMagnetics. He published several papers about CAGD, CEM and ML.
Dr. C.J. Reddy is the Vice President, Business Development-Electromagnetics for Americas at Altair. Dr. Reddy was a research fellow at the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada and was awarded the US National Research Council (NRC) Resident Research Associateship at NASA Langley Research Center. While conducting research at NASA Langley, he developed various computational codes for electromagnetics and received a Certificate of Recognition from NASA for development of a hybrid Finite Element Method/Method of Moments/Geometrical Theory of Diffraction code for cavity backed aperture antenna analysis. Dr. Reddy is a Fellow of IEEE, Fellow of ACES (Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society) and a Fellow of AMTA (Antenna Measurement Techniques Association). Dr. Reddy is a co-author of the book, “Antenna Analysis and Design Using FEKO Electromagnetic Simulation Software,” published in June 2014 by SciTech Publishing (now part of IET). Dr. Reddy is elected as a member of AP-S AdCom to serve a three year term from Jan 2023 and he is also currently serving as the chair of IEEE AP-S Young Professionals Committee since 2021.
Presented by: Francesca Apollonio, Sima Noghanian, Monica Guxens, Maxim Zhadobov, Marta Parazzini, Martina Benini, Micaela Liberti
The introduction of new emerging technologies increases the need of research on the potential risks that this exposure may pose to human health before the widespread use in practical daily life.
Such research requires a survey and recognition of the possible EMF sources, the development of novel tools to monitor the evolution of exposure levels and patterns in different populations, an epimemiological approach implementing the state-of-the-art causal inference methods to understand the potential causal effects of RF-EMF exposure, a strong numerical dosimetry basement and an integrative multiscale approach to the identification of potential causal biological effects through innovative experimental technique and advanced modeling at the microscopic and molecular scale.
Within the WS we are going to delve deeper into these issues trying to shed light on this thematic extremely alive and engaging.
Sima Noghanian received a B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from the Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, and an M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. She was a researcher at YottaYotta Corporation, Edmonton, Canada. She was an Assistant Professor at the Sharif University of Technology, Iran, from 2002 to 2003. From 2003 to 2008, she was Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, at the University of Manitoba, Canada. She was Assistant/Associate Professor and the Director of the Applied Electromagnetic and Antenna Engineering Laboratory in the Department of Electrical Engineering, University of North Dakota, the USA from 2008 to 2018. She also served as the Electrical Engineering Department Chair from 2014 to 2016 at the University of North Dakota. From 2018 to 2019 she was a visiting professor at San Diego State University, USA. In 2019, she transitioned to the industry. Currently, she is a Principal Antenna Design Engineer at CommScope Ruckus Networks. She served as an Associate Editor of IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters. She is currently an Associate Editor of IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, IET Microwave, Antennas, and Propagation, Elsevier International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, Applied Electromagnetics Journal, Frontiers in Antennas and Propagation, and a Guest Editor of MDPI Sensors and MDPI Micromachines. She is a senior member of IEEE and currently serves as an adCom of the IEEE APS. She is also a fellow of the (ACES). Furthermore, she is a Senior Member of URSI Commissions B and K, and she serves as the vice-chair of USNC-URSI Commission K (incoming chair in January 2024). Sima Noghanian is a member of IEEE AP-S New Technology Directions Committee.
Mònica Guxens is a Research Professor and Head of the BrainChild Lab at the Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal). Her research focusses on the role of environmental factors, including electromagnetic fields, on children’s development, in particular on brian development. She is the Director of the Spanish INMA Project, a multi-site birth cohort. She has been leading several projects RF-EMF and health, and she is currently coordinating the Horizon Europe Project GOLIAT "5G exposure, casual effects, and risk perception through citizen engagement".
Maxim Zhadobov is a Senior Research Scientist at the IETR / CNRS, France, in charge of the Electromagnetic Waves in Complex Media (eWAVES) research group. He received the PhD degree in bioelectromagnetics in 2006 and HDR in 2016 from the University of Rennes, France. After a post-doctoral fellowship at the Center for Biomedical Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA, he rejoined IETR as a CNRS Researcher.
Marta Parazzini received the master’s degree in biomedical engineering from the Politecnico di Milano and the Ph.D in Bioengineering and the European Doctorate from the Politecnico di Milano in 2001 and 2004, respectively. From 2005 to 2010 she has been with CNR Institute of Bioengineering (ISIB) as Research Scientist, while in 2010 she joined the CNR IEIIT. Her research activities deals with the study of the interaction between electromagnetic fields (EMF) and biological systems, the human exposure assessment to EMF by both deterministic and stochastic electromagnetics techniques and the medical applications of EMF.
Martina Benini received the master’s degree in biomedical engineering in 2020 from the Politecnico di Milano (Italy), where she is currently working toward the PhD degree in Bioengineering.
Micaela Liberti received the M.Sc. degree in electronic engineering and the Ph.D. degree from the Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, in 1995 and 2000, respectively. From 2012 to 2015, she was the national supplement representative of European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) TD1104: “European network for development of electroporation-based technologies and treatments.” In 2020 and 2021, she has served as the President of the European Bioelectromagnetic Association (EBEA), and until 2022, she served as the President and an Interim of BioEM. She is currently an Associate Professor with the Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), Sapienza University of Rome. Prof. Liberti has been a member of the International Commission on Non- Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) Scientific Expert Group and the Technical Advisory Committee of International Union of Radioscience (URSI) Commission K since 2021. Since 2022, she has been a member of TC28 of the IEEE MTT Society. Her scientific interests include theoretical modeling in bioelectromagnetics, microdosimetry, and exposure systems dosimetry and design.
Presented by: Prabhakar H. Pathak, Giuliano Manara
An efficient hybrid technique is introduced for describing, in a physically appealing manner, the radiation characteristics of electrically large modern phased array antennas (PAAs) placed conformally on even larger complex metallic platforms, such as aerospace vehicles etc.; such work is highly relevant to the design of current and future advanced RADAR/communication systems. In general, modern beam scanning conformal arrays may consist of thousands of tightly packed antenna elements placed just below the skin line of an aerospace vehicle, or some other relatively complex platform, and these antenna elements may be covered with multiple thin transparent material layers (even perhaps containing FSS), to serve as a radome and for impedance matching. Clearly, conventional full wave numerical integral equation (IE) or partial differential equation (PDE) based methods for modeling such large complex modern array configurations placed conformally on complex platforms is an extremely challenging task. The latter is true, because, purely numerical methods require one to solve an exhorbitantly large number of unknowns for treating electrically large complex configurations; these methods need to treat the entire array-platform wave interaction problem in a self consistent manner. Thus, a purely numerical approach can become highly cumbersome and even intractable at sufficiently high frequencies. On the other hand, a hybrid technique, which properly combines numerical methods with the Uniform Geometrical Theory of Diffraction (UTD), offers a viable approach to model the complex conformal array problem in a more tractable fashion.
In particular, a hybrid method which combines the Finite Element (FE) with the Boundary integral (BI) method, in which the BI part uses a special UTD surface matched Green's function, is proposed here; also, once the array aperture field distribution is found numerically in this hybrid approach, then the fields radiated from the now known array aperture distribution in the presence of the platform are also found using the UTD. Hence, this particular method is referred to as the hybrid UTD-FE-BI method. The basic UTD concepts will be reviewed and the UTD-FE-BI approach will be described. The UTD-FE-BI method has several advantages. Since a special UTD surface Green's function is used, the unknowns in the BI part for the region external to the array aperture reside only over the array aperture, instead of over the whole array aperture plus the entire platform; thus, this hybrid method drastically reduces the number of unknowns to be solved numerically. The FE part then numerically handles only the unknowns within the relatively thin interior array volume containing antenna elements and the flush mounted radome, etc. Also, the UTD radiation from the array aperture and the UTD special Green's function for the surface fields in the kernel of the BI part, respectively, are in essentially closed form and simple to use; they will be shown explicitly in the presentation during a review of the UTD concepts. Most importantly, the UTD radiation and surface fields have a simple ray interpretation which lends physical insights into the array radiation mechanisms. The latter physical picture provided by the UTD is generally lacking in purely numerical approaches. Results for a particular example of a conformal array on an aircraft will be presented.
In the special case of a conformal phased array of short and thin slots (or monopoles) in a metallic structure, the UTD method alone is sufficient to predict the performance of such an array using a dominant mode approximation for the fields in the slots (or currents on the monopole). This approach also accounts for the array mutual coupling within the UTD formulation. Additionally, UTD results pertaining to a simple example of a large phased array of slots in a metallic cylinder will be presented along with a UTD procedure to determine the array distribution for scanning the beam in some desired direction; such a simplified array aperture synthesis procedure can also be employed within the UTD-FE-BI approach for more complex arrays.
Prabhakar H. Pathak received his Ph.D. (1973) from The Ohio State University (OSU), in the Dept. of ECE where he later joined the faculty and became a Professor. Currently, he is Prof. Emeritus at OSU. He was also an Adjunct Prof. at the Univ. of South Florida. He is regarded as a co-developer of the Uniform Geometrical Theory of Diffraction (UTD). His interests are in the development of Ray, Wave, and Beam optical methods in frequency and time domains, for solving electrically large Electromagnetic (EM) antenna and scattering problems of engineering interest. He has also developed some Hybrid methods which combine the best features of any of the above methods with numerical methods to solve EM problems which cannot otherwise be solved in a tractable fashion by any of the methods when used alone. His work is specifically applicable to the prediction of EM radiation and coupling associated with small antennas, or large phased array antennas, placed on or near large structures (e.g, on airborne, spaceborne or naval platforms) as well as to the EM scattering by such structures. He has presented many invited lectures in the USA and abroad; also he has published 7 book chapters and several journal and conference papers. He has published a book on EM waves with Dr. R. J. Burkholder (co author) entitled Electromagnetic Radiation, Scattering, and Diffraction. He was an Assoc. Ed. for IEEE Trans. AP; an IEEE AP distinguished lecturer (DL) during 1991-1993; chair of that DL program (1995-2005); member of IEEE AP-S AdCom (2010). He received the 1995 IEEE AP Schelkunoff best paper award, the 1996 George Sinclair Award from the OSU ElectroScience Lab, the 2009 ISAP best paper award, the IEEE 3rd Millenium Medal from AP-S, and the 2013 IEEE AP-S Distinguished Achievement Award. He is a Life Fellow of IEEE and member of URSI Commision B.
Giuliano Manara is a Professor at the Department of Information Engineering (College of Engineering) of the University of Pisa, Italy. Since 1980, he has been collaborating with the Department of Electrical Engineering of the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA, where, in the summer and fall of 1987, he was involved in research at the ElectroScience Laboratory. His research interests have centered mainly on the asymptotic solution of radiation and scattering problems to improve and extend the Uniform Geometrical Theory of Diffraction (UTD). He has also been engaged in research on numerical, analytical and hybrid techniques (both in frequency and time domain), scattering from rough surfaces, frequency selective surfaces (FSS), and electromagnetic compatibility. More recently, his research has also been focused on the design of microwave antennas with application to broadband wireless networks, on the development and testing of new microwave materials (metamaterials), and on the analysis of antennas and propagation problems for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems.
Prof. Manara was elected an IEEE Fellow in 2004 for “contributions to the uniform geometrical theory of diffraction and its applications.” He is presently a Life Fellow of IEEE. In August 2008, he was elected the Vice-Chair of the International Commission B “Fields and Waves” of URSI (International Radio Science Union). He served as the International Chair of URSI Commission B for the triennium 2011-2014. Prof. Manara has been elected a URSI Fellow in 2017. Since 2021, he has been elected a Vice- President of URSI for the terms 2021-2023 and 2023-2026.
Presented by: Hisamatsu Nakano
This short course presents the radiation characteristics of recently developed natural antennas and metamaterial antennas (metaantennas).
After defining natural and metamaterial antennas in Chapter 1, we analyze beam-steering for a slotted rectangular patch antenna (SLT-RecPA) in Chapter 2. The analysis shows that the SLT-RecPA, which has a conducting pin at each of the four corners of the patch, can steer a linearly polarized (LP) beam in four azimuth directions. Note that an on-off switching circuit is connected to the end of each conducting pin. In Chapter 3 we focus on a round patch antenna (Rnd-PA) and discuss its LP beam-steering in 16 azimuth directions, where 16 T-shaped parasitic conducting pins, each with an on-off switching circuit connected, are located around the edge of the round patch. Chapter 4 presents an antenna system composed of a fed LP patch antenna and a parasitic metasurface. It is revealed that the LP axial beam radiated in the direction normal to the patch is significantly tilted by the metasurface located in front of the patch. The design procedure for the tilted beam is explained in detail. Note that the patch in this system is categorized into the natural antenna group, as are the SLT-RecPA in Chapter 2 and Rnd-PA in Chapter 3.
Chapters 5, 6, and 7 describe the beam-steering of circularly polarized (CP) beams from metaantennas: a bent metaline array antenna, a metaloop antenna with a curled metaline, and a metaspiral antenna, respectively. (1) The bent metaline array antenna has almost the same size as a single CP patch antenna operating in TM110 mode. It is emphasized that the bent metaline array antenna steers its CP radiation beam in the elevation plane at the design frequency. Note that this type of steering cannot be obtained with a single patch antenna. (2) The metaloop antenna with a metacurl element forms a null field point within the CP radiated beam. This is realized by feeding the metaloop and metacurl elements with different phases. The null field point moves in accordance with the phase difference. (3) The metaspiral antenna is composed of two arms, which start at points near the antenna center point (the coordinate origin). When the two metaspiral arms are fed by arbitrary voltages (with different amplitudes and phases), the radiation forms an axial beam superimposed with a weighted conical beam, resulting in a tilted beam. We reveal how such a tilted beam is steered by the feed voltages.
H. Nakano has been with Hosei University since 1973, where he is currently a Professor Emeritus and a Special-appointment Researcher with the Electromagnetic Wave Engineering Research Institute attached to the graduate school. He has held positions as Visiting Associate Professor at Syracuse University (March to September 1981), Visiting Professor at the University of Manitoba (March to September 1986), University of California, Los Angeles (September 1986 to March 1987), and Swansea University, U.K. (July to September of 2016 to 2019 and 2022). He has published over 370 articles in peer-reviewed journals and 11 books/book chapters, including Low-profile Natural and Metamaterial Antennas (IEEE Press, Wiley, 2016). His significant contributions are the development of five integral equations for line antennas in free space and printed on a dielectric substrate, the invention of an L-shaped wire/strip antenna feeding method, and the realization of numerous wideband antennas, including curl, metaspiral, metahelical, and Body of Revolution antennas. His other accomplishments include design of antennas for GPS, personal handy phones, space radio, electronic toll collection, RFID, UWB, and radar. He has been awarded 79 patents, including A Curl Antenna Element and Its Array (Japan). He served as a member of the IEEE APS Administrative Committee from 2000 to 2002 and a Region 10 Representative from 2001 to 2010. He received "The H. A. Wheeler Award" in 1994, "The Chen-To Tai Distinguished Educator Award" in 2006, and "The Distinguished Achievement Award" in 2016, all from the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society. He was also a recipient of "The Prize for Science and Technology" from Japan's Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in 2010. Recently, he was selected as a recipient of "The Antenna Award" of the European Association on Antennas and Propagation (EurAAP) in 2020. More recently, in 2023 he was honored by the emperor of Japan as a recipient of "The Order of the Sacred Treasure" for contributions to education and science-technology. He is an Associate Editor of several scientific journals, including Electromagnetics.
Presented by: Giovanni Toso, Piero Angeletti
The objective of this course consists in presenting the state of the art and the on-going developments in Multi-Beam Antennas (MBAs) and Beam-Forming Networks (BFNs). MBAs find application in several fields including communications, remote sensing (e.g. radars, radiometers, etc.), electronic surveillance and defense systems, science (e.g. multibeam radio telescopes), RF navigation systems, etc. Multibeam antennas are assuming as well an important role in emerging MIMO and 5G communications. The BFN plays an essential role in any antenna system relaying on a set of radiating elements to generate a beam. The course will cover both theoretical and practical aspects for the following topics:
Giovanni Toso (S’93, M’00, SM ’07, FM ‘23) received the Laurea Degree (cum laude), the Ph.D. and the Post Doctoral Fellowship from the University of Florence, Italy, in 1992, 1995 and 1999, respectively. During his PhD and Post Doc he spent more than one year as a Visiting Scientist at the Laboratoire d’Optique Electromagnetique de Marseille, France. In 1999, he was a Visiting Scientist with the University of California (UCLA) in Los Angeles. In 2000 received a scholarship from Alenia Spazio, Rome, Italy. In the same year he has been appointed Researcher at the Radio Astronomy Observatory of the Italian National Council of Research (CNR). Since 2000, he has been with the Antenna and Submillimeter Waves Section, European Space Agency (ESA), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Noordwijk, The Netherlands. He has been initiating several research and development activities on satellite antennas based on arrays, reflectarrays, discrete lenses, and reflectors. In particular, in the field of onboard satellite antennas, he has been coordinating activities on multibeam antennas (active and passive) mainly for Telecom applications. In the field of Terminal antennas, he has been supporting the development of reconfigurable antennas with electronic, mechanical, and hybrid scanning; some of these antennas are now available as commercial products. He has promoted the development of the commercial software tool QUPES by TICRA, now used worldwide, for the analysis and design of periodic and quasi-periodic surfaces, such as reflectarrays, frequency selective surfaces, transmitarrays, and polarizers. Dr. Toso received, together with Prof. A. Skrivervik, the European School of Antennas (ESoA) Best Teacher Award in 2018. In 2014, he has been the Guest Editor, together with Dr. R. Mailloux, of the Special Issue on “Innovative Phased Array Antennas Based on Non-Regular Lattices and Overlapped Subarrays” published in the IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation and, for the same society, has been an Associate Editor from 2013 to 2016. In 2018, he has been the Chairperson of the 39th ESA Antenna Workshop on “Multibeam and Reconfigurable Antennas”. Since 2010, together with Dr. P. Angeletti, he has been instructing short courses on Multibeam Antennas and Beamforming Networks during international conferences, such as IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society (APS), IEEE MTT International Microwave Symposium (IMS), IEEE International Conference on Wireless Technology and Systems (ICWITS), European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP), and European Microwave Week (EuMW), that have been attended by more than 1100 participants. Together with Dr. P. Angeletti, he is the organizer of the EurAAP-ESoA Course on Active Antennas. From January 2023 Giovanni Toso has been elevated to IEEE Fellow grade for contributions to multibeam antenna developments for satellite applications. G. Toso is an IEEE APS Distinguished Lecturer in 2022-2024.
Piero Angeletti (IEEE M’07, SM’13) received the Laurea degree in Electronics Engineering from the University of Ancona (Italy) in 1996, and the PhD in Electromagnetism from the University of Rome “La Sapienza” (Italy) in 2010. His 30 years experience in RF Systems engineering and technical management encompasses conceptual/architectural design, trade-offs, detailed design, production, integration and testing of satellite payloads and active antenna systems for commercial/military telecommunications and navigation (spanning all the operating bands and set of applications) as well as for multifunction RADARs and electronic counter measure systems. Dr. Angeletti is currently member of the technical staff of the European Space Research and Technology Center (ESTEC) of the European Space Agency, in Noordwijk (The Netherlands). He is with the Radio Frequency Systems, Payload and Technology Division of the ESA Technical and Quality Management Directorate which is responsible for RF space communication systems, instrumentation, subsystems, equipment and technologies. In particular he oversees ESA R&D activities related to flexible satellite payloads, RF front-ends and on-board digital processors. Dr. Angeletti authored/co-authored over 300 technical reports, book chapters and papers published in peer reviewed professional journals and international conferences’ proceedings.
Presented by: Alice Buffi
During the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Industrial IoT (IIOT) together with Automation, Big Data, Artificial Intelligence, Cloud Computing and Autonomous Robots, aim to increase the efficiency and flexibility of production by leading the way of the Fifth Industrial Revolution. The Industry 5.0 changes perspective, by focusing on research and innovation to encourage the development of industry at the service of mankind while respecting the planet resources. In this panorama, the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology with its capabilities of identification, sensing and localization will be still a protagonist. In particular, the possibility to measure the position of workers, items, robots and all industry actors represents an essential functionality in an industrial scenario where man is at the centre.
In this speech, the challenge of performing RFID-based localization in industrial scenario will be discussed. The main localization methods will be introduced together with the recent technical advancements, by discussing the trade-offs between system infrastructure and localization accuracy. Examples of practical implementations in real industrial scenarios will be presented by also describing the recent activities on RFID-based localization at the University of Pisa.
Alice Buffi (Senior Member, IEEE) received the B.S. and M.S. (summa cum laude) degrees in Telecommunications Engineering and the Ph.D. degree (Doctor Europaeus) in “Applied electromagnetism in electrical and biomedical engineering, electronics, smart sensors, nanotechnologies”, from the University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, in 2006, 2008 and 2012, respectively. Since 2012, she has been with the University of Pisa, where she is currently an Associate Professor with the Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Construction Engineering. She has co-authored several international journal papers and international conferences contributions, one European patent and one European patent application. Her current research topics include measurement methods to locate static or moving items through radio frequency identification (RFID) systems operating at the ultra-high-frequency (UHF) band in Industry 4.0 scenarios. Besides, she has interests in classification methods for smart gates and smart storage systems and ageing process in battery cells.
She was a recipient of the Best Paper Award at the 2019 IEEE International Conference RFID-TA, the Best Poster Award at the 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Measurements & Networking (M&N), the Best Poster Award at the 2023 IEEE International Conference RFID, and of the Young Scientist Award from the International Union of Radio Science, Commission B, in 2013 and 2016. She was also a recipient of the recognition as “2022 IEEE Open Journal of Instrumentation and Measurement Outstanding Reviewer” by the Instrumentation and Measurement Society. She serves as an Associate Editor for the IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement and for the IEEE Journal of Radio Frequency Identification. She also serves as Steering Committee Chair of the IEEE Journal of RFID and as Chair of the IEEE CRFID’s Technical Committee on Motion Capture and Localization (IEEE TC-MoCap). Moreover, she serves as Distinguished Lecturer of the IEEE Council of RFID for the period 2023-2025.
Dr. Buffi is a member of the IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Society, the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society and of the IEEE Council on RFID.
Presented by: Yahya Rahmat-Samii, Fan Yang
From frequency selective surfaces (FSS) to electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) grounds, from impedance boundaries to metasurfaces, novel electromagnetic surfaces keep on emerging. Many intriguing phenomena occur on these surfaces, and novel devices and applications have been proposed accordingly, which have created an exciting paradigm in electromagnetics, the so-called “Surface Electromagnetics”. This short course will review the development of various electromagnetic surfaces, as well as the state-of-the-art concepts and designs. Detailed presentations will be provided on the unique electromagnetic features of EBG ground planes and advanced metasurfaces. Furthermore, a wealth of antenna examples will be presented to illustrate promising applications of the surface electromagnetics in antenna engineering. The course covers representative materials from recent books by the lecturers, “Surface Electromagnetics: With Applications in Antenna, Microwave and Optical Engineering” (Cambridge University Press 2019) and “Electromagnetic Band Gap Structures in Antenna Engineering” (Cambridge University Press, 2009).
Yahya Rahmat-Samii is a Distinguished Professor, a holder of the Northrop-Grumman Chair in electromagnetics, a member of the U.S. National Academy of Engineering (NAE), a Foreign Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) and the Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium for Science and the Arts, the winner of the 2011 IEEE Electromagnetics Field Award, and the Former Chairman of the Electrical Engineering Department, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA. He was a Senior Research Scientist with the Caltech/NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. He has authored or coauthored more than 1100 technical journal papers and conference articles and has written over 35 book chapters and seven books. He has more than 20 cover-page IEEE publication articles.
Dr. Rahmat-Samii is a fellow of IEEE, AMTA, ACES, EMA, and URSI. He was a recipient of the Henry Booker Award from URSI, in 1984, which is given triennially to the most outstanding young radio scientist in North America, the Best Application Paper Prize Award (Wheeler Award) of the IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation in 1992 and 1995, the University of Illinois ECE Distinguished Alumni Award in 1999, the IEEE Third Millennium Medal and the AMTA Distinguished Achievement Award in 2000. In 2001, he received an Honorary Doctorate Causa from the University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain. He received the 2002 Technical Excellence Award from JPL, the 2005 URSI Booker Gold Medal presented at the URSI General Assembly, the 2007 IEEE Chen- To Tai Distinguished Educator Award, the 2009 Distinguished Achievement Award of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, the 2010 UCLA School of Engineering Lockheed Martin Excellence in Teaching Award, and the 2011 campus-wide UCLA Distinguished Teaching Award. He was also a recipient of the Distinguished Engineering Educator Award from The Engineers Council in 2015, the John Kraus Antenna Award of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society and the NASA Group Achievement Award in 2016, the ACES Computational Electromagnetics Award and the IEEE Antennas and Propagation S. A. Schelkunoff Best Transactions Prize Paper Award in 2017, and the prestigious Ellis Island Medal of Honor in 2019. The medals are awarded annually to a group of distinguished U.S. citizens who exemplify a life dedicated to community service. These are individuals who preserve and celebrate the history, traditions, and values of their ancestry while exemplifying the values of the American way of life and are dedicated to creating a better world. He received the Harrington–Mittra Computational Electromagnetics Award in 2022 and he is the recipient of the 2023 USNC-URSI Outstanding Educator Award.
He has had pioneering research contributions in diverse areas of electromagnetics, antennas, measurement and diagnostics techniques, numerical and asymptotic methods, satellite and personal communications, human/antenna interactions, RFID and implanted antennas in medical applications, frequency-selective surfaces, electromagnetic band-gap and meta-material structures, applications of the genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimizations. His original antenna designs are on many NASA/JPL spacecrafts for planetary, remote sensing, and Cubesat missions. He is the Designer of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society logo which is displayed on all IEEE AP-S publications. He was the 1995 President of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society and 2009–2011 President of the United States National Committee (USNC) of the International Union of Radio Science (URSI). He has also served as an IEEE Distinguished Lecturer presenting lectures internationally.
Fan Yang received the B.S. and M.S. degrees from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, and the Ph.D. degree from UCLA. From 2002 to 2004, he was a Post-Doctoral Research Engineer and Instructor at UCLA. In 2004, he joined the Electrical Engineering Department, The University of Mississippi as an Assistant Professor, and was promoted to an Associate Professor. In 2011, he joined the Electronic Engineering Department, Tsinghua University as a Professor, and served as the Director of the Microwave and Antenna Institute until 2020.
Dr. Yang’s research interests include antennas, surface electromagnetics, computational electromagnetics, and applied electromagnetic systems. He has published over 500 journal articles and conference papers, eight book chapters, and six books entitled Surface Electromagnetics (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2019), Reflectarray Antennas: Theory, Designs, and Applications (IEEE-Wiley, 2018), Analysis and Design of Transmitarray Antennas (Morgan & Claypool, 2017), Scattering Analysis of Periodic Structures Using Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method (Morgan & Claypool, 2012), Electromagnetic Band Gap Structures in Antenna Engineering (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2009), and Electromagnetics and Antenna Optimization Using Taguchi’s Method (Morgan & Claypool, 2007).
Presented by: Vikass Monebhurrun, Lars Jacob Foged, Vince Rodriguez
There is no fee to attend this workshop, however, advance registration is required to attend.
Participants of the workshop will be enrolled in a drawing, and 3 lucky winners will receive a copy of the recently published IEEE Std 149-2021: IEEE Recommended Practice on Antenna Measurements (US $164 Value).
The terminology standards on antennas (IEEE Std. 145) and radio wave propagation (IEEE Std. 211) are important documents that guarantee the right use of accepted terms in technical papers and reports. IEEE Std. 149 (antenna measurement), IEEE Std. 1720 (near field antenna measurement) & IEEE Std. 1502 (radar cross-section measurement) prove useful when performing antenna measurements. The workshop will provide an overview of these standards that have been developed by the IEEE Antennas & Propagation Standards Committee.
Vikass Monebhurrun (SM’07) received the PhD degree in 1994 and the Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches in 2010 from Université Pierre et Marie Curie and Université Paris-Sud, respectively. His research contributed to the international standardization committees of CENELEC, IEC, and IEEE. He is author and co-author of more than hundred peer-reviewed international conference and journal papers and five book chapters. He is an active contributor to the international standardization committees of IEC 62209, IEC 62232, IEC/IEEE 62704 and IEEE1528. He serves as Associate-Editor for the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine since 2015 and Transactions since 2016, and Editor of the IoP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering since 2013. He is the founder of the IEEE RADIO international conference and he served as General Chair for all eight editions since 2012. He is the Chair of the international committees of IEC/IEEE 62704-3 since 2010 and IEEE Antennas and Propagation Standards since 2015. He was recipient of the URSI YSA in 1996, IEEE-SA International Joint Working Group Chair Award in 2017, IEEE Ulrich L. Rohde Humanitarian Technical Field Project Award in 2018, International Electrotechnical Commission 1906 Award in 2018 and IEEE Standards Association International Award in 2019. He serves as Member of the IEEE SA Board of Governors (2024-2025).
Lars Foged (M’91–SM’00) received his B.S. from Aarhus Teknikum, Denmark in 1988 and M.S. in Electrical Engineering from California Institute of Technology, USA in 1990. He was a “graduate trainee” of the European Space Agency, ESTEC and in the following ten years, designed communication and navigation antennas in the satellite industry. He led the antenna design effort on the recently launched GALILEO space segment and performed the multi-physics design of shaped reflectors for the EUTELSAT W satellites, still serving European users. Following his passion to rationalize the multi-disciplinary antenna design process, including measurements and simulations, he joined MVG (formerly SATIMO) in 2001 and founded the Italian branch office. In MVG, he initiated close collaborations with universities and research institutions on measurements with focus on antennas and techniques for analysis/post-processing. He has held different technical leadership positions in MVG and is currently the Scientific Director of the Microwave Vision Group, and Associate Director of Microwave Vision Italy. He has authored or co-authored more than 200 journal and conference papers on antenna design and measurement topics and received the “Best Technical Paper Award” from AMTA in 2013. He has contributed to five books and standards, and holds four patents.
Vince Rodriguez (SM’06) attended The University of Mississippi (Ole Miss), in Oxford, Mississippi, where he obtained his B.S.E.E. in 1994. Following graduation Dr. Rodriguez joined the department of Electrical Engineering at Ole Miss as a research assistant. During that period he earned his M.S. and Ph.D. (both degrees on Engineering Science with emphasis in Electromagnetics) in 1996 and 1999 respectively. After a short period as visiting professor at the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Dr. Rodriguez joined EMC Test Systems (now ETS-Lindgren) as an RF and Electromagnetics engineer in June 2000. In November 2014 Dr. Rodriguez Joined MI Technologies (now NSI-MI Technologies) as a Senior Applications Engineer. In this position Dr. Rodriguez works on the design of antenna, RCS, and radome measurement systems. During his tenure at NSI-MI Dr. Rodriguez was involved in designing several Antenna and RCS anechoic ranges for near to far field, Compact Range and far field measurements. In 2017 Dr. Rodriguez was promoted to staff engineer positioning him as the resident expert at NSI-MI of RF absorber and indoor antenna ranges. He is the author of more than fifty publications including journal and conference papers and book chapters.
Presented by: Guan-Long Huang, Vincent Lee
Industrial workshop promoted by TMY Technology, Inc. (TMYTEK): there is no fee to attend this workshop, however, advance registration is required to attend.
The workshop will focus on advanced mmWave antenna-related testing techniques, including affordable anechoic chamber upgrade solutions for mmWave antenna/metasurface testing by using UD Box the bi-directional up/down converters, multi-channel array beamforming testing by using BBox, cost-effective hybrid-field (Farfield/Planar Nearfield/Cylindrical Nearfield/Spherical Nearfield/CATR/Reverberation Chamber) test solution for various types of antenna, desktop-level THz antenna radiation test platform, as well as dielectric material characterization techniques.
Millimeter-wave spectrum lays the foundation of 5G NR, LEO, Radar, and future wireless technology. Getting started in mmWave technology is expensive and complex. TMYTEK built a cost-effective solution for professors and students to unleash creativity for future wireless technology.
The TMYTEK NextGen Wireless Teaching Toolkit is a comprehensive package that integrates hardware and software for educational and R&D purposes. It includes everything needed to kickstart mmWave innovation, from 5G FR2 beamformers and frequency converters to 40 GHz RF cables. Professors will find the labsheets invaluable for courseware preparation while engineering students can delve into the fundamentals of beamforming and mmWave propagation. Additionally, the toolkit supports R&D prototyping in areas such as antenna design, protocol development, and wireless communication system optimization, including applications like 5G FR2 communication, SATCOM Ka-band testbeds, radar digital processing, and algorithm development.
The development of 5G/6G technologies has led to advanced communication. TMYTEK explored 5G/6G communication from Phased Array Antennas (PAA) to FR2/3 Communication Testbeds and mmW-SDR technology, featuring the capability of the antenna systems and beamforming enable rapid prototyping, and algorithm testing offering an adaptable testbed for developing versatile wireless communication applications.
Based on mmW-SDR, the Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems could be well developed in one platform. The mmW-Radar solution includes the sensing technology for In-Car Child Presence Detection (CPD) and intelligent car door sensing, and also as the radar detection testbed for flying object threat detection will be discussed during the workshop.